Pulang ke Rumah atau Tetap Tersesat: Dilema Negara-Negara Pemulung Warga ISIS di al-Hol
Tiranitotalitas Jakarta – Kamp al-Hol, yang terletak di timur laut Suriah, merupakan salah satu dari dua kamp terbesar yang menampung keluarga dari para anggota ISIS. Dikelola oleh Pasukan Demokratik Suriah (SDF) yang dipimpin oleh Kurdi dan didukung oleh AS, kamp ini menjadi rumah bagi lebih dari 70.000 orang saat koalisi mulai memperketat cengkeramannya terhadap kubu terakhir ISIS di Baghouz pada akhir tahun 2018.
Pengungsi asal Irak merupakan mayoritas di kamp tersebut, dengan jumlah mereka pernah mencapai 30.000 orang. Pada puncaknya, terdapat sekitar 11.000 perempuan dan anak-anak “asing” yang ditahan di sana, bukan warga Suriah atau Irak.
Setelah kekalahan “kekhalifahan” ISIS pada Maret 2019, banyak negara mulai menarik pulang warga negaranya. Pengungsi asal Eropa dipindahkan ke Roj, sebuah kamp yang lebih kecil dan terawat di dekat perbatasan Turki.
Saat ini, kamp al-Hol menampung lebih dari 43.000 orang dari 47 negara, termasuk Prancis, Swedia, Belanda, Rusia, Turki, dan Tunisia. Dari jumlah tersebut, sekitar 21.500 adalah anak-anak. Pengungsi asal Irak merupakan kelompok terbesar di kamp tersebut, diikuti oleh warga Suriah. Dua pertiga dari “orang asing” yang ditahan di kamp adalah anak-anak di bawah usia 17 tahun.
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